Nick, the original research is from the BioSwing Dynamics Certification, which belongs to Mike Adams and EA Tischler. It's been frustrating because my coach back home (also bioswing dynamics certified) has measured me differently in a few areashe recently talked to Tischler/Adams and they recommended Mark Hackett. And they tell me they have always been that way, their whole careers, long before they met me. Only a seasoned fitness professional with a corrective exercise background will truly be able to create a safe and effective program to restore optimal function. I am much more of a No Turn Cast guy myself, but I digress , Titleist TSR3 Mitsubishi Tensei 1K Black 75TX, Titleist TSR2 3 Wood Mitsubishi Tensei 1K Black 85X, Titleist U 505 3 Iron Mitsubishi Tensei AV White, Titleist 620 CB 4-P PX 6.5 Players would benefit more by getting their body into a position in the backswing that allows them to shallow the club naturally in transition. Cost: Prices range from $300.00 to $800.00. I've worked with EA in the past. Once the golfer is screened, and the dysfunctions and limitations are identified, we can then easily address the problems and correct them through the application of the Corrective Exercise Continuum. However we see hoards of injuries in golfers, including professionals that are extremely fit, when they develop swings that fail to match their biomechanical design. My wingspan is the same as my height and my forearm is longer than my upper arm. Great article. There are many fantastic assessment processes such as the FMS screen that athletes partake in every day but not one nor all of them compare in the specificity to the golfer that the TPI assessment provides. Michael, this is an interesting read, but all you did was give us some rules for choosing a swing plane without any bio mechanical proof as to why. Have someone measure your wingspan from finger tips on the right hand to finger tips on the left hand. Keep in mind that the tests narrow down the range in which the lead arm will be aligned at the top of the backswing. Custom Titleist T100S Irons 4-Gw - Tour Issue x100 mid -BB&F ferrules - Pure Grips. Usually ppl spend 3k to Join a club and 2k to buy clubs It relates them to the internal and external forces acting on the body and the effects of these forces and it allows for the prediction of the mechanical aspects of human motion and potential outcomes. Ultimate Swing Type (one plane, two plane, or slot swing). -K-Vest 3-D Level 2 Technician and my downswing is shoulder plane.. now quick question.. it sounds to me that those two together would be a fade swing right? Backswing Plane Screen = right-hand grip position, backswing plane, wrist hinge, linkage, release, Arm Elevation Screen = top of the backswing position, down swing plane, Post Screen = front, center, or rear post, Hip Speed Screen = fast, medium, or slow hips, how much rotation, how much vertical, Foot Flare Screen = foot flare need for their rotation and vertical package. The golfer can find qualified fitness professionals near his home or office by visiting the Find an Expert tab at www.mytpi.com. I am lucky enough to have these two as mentors during my BioSwing Dynamics certification, and I would like to thank them immensely for their help in my growth as an instructor and for their help in editing this article. No bueno. BioSwing Dynamics is transformative in its ability to assist us with the Customization part of that equation. Dont confuse the two tests. From this position, the shaft can easily be brought around into impact and the trail side of the body will be moving forward and around towards the target. Have your helper measure your height. He had won the PGA Championship, and shortly after his runner-up finish in the 2011 WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship he became the No. With that being said, it has been determined that most players simply are not aware of what needs to happen between the club face and a ball when they are on a putting green. You will be able to find highly educated and experienced professionals to help you on your way to your best golf ever. Their is a group out of Japan finding many of the same patterns within their biomechanical approach as well. -- PGA Certified Professional: Teaching and Coaching Heard good things about him. It feels extremely weird to me and my natural tendency is to go high like DJ. For your first assessment, stand tall with your arms stretched out, like the letter "T." Ask a friend to measure your wingspan (fingertips to fingertips) and height. Below is an example of shallow space (picture on the left in green) created by a body that has turned around its original spine angle established at address. Jason Dufner whats in the bag accurate as of the 2023 WM Phoenix Open. I've been working with an instructor in Minnesota who is associated with the EA Tischler/Mike Adams school of thought and was drawn to it because of: 1) idea of tailoring swing to individuals body, 4) develop a swing identity that I can hopefully own someday. Tischler, BioSwing Dynamics co-founder, along with Hall of Fame Instructor Mike Adams, "With the partnership of BioSwing Dynamics and The Myelinator we are able to offer golfers a paradigm shifting approach to both learning and owning their . There are nine different combinations, but that would be your pattern if you test out to be a side on golfer and the forearm is longer than the left. However, the body position on the left (in green) doesnt have to work so hard to get the club back on path. If the wingspan is, say, 4 inches shorter than the height, the lead arm will set very low across the chest and below the shoulder line. So, lets get started. 5 Testers Needed! -Dir. Please, allow me to define the term of Corrective Exercise and the Corrective Exercise Continuum for you. With the advances in todays technology it is relatively easy for the. Your previous content has been restored. This tells the story of how the body moves to create thisshallow spacementioned. You cannot paste images directly. K-Vest is 3-D motion technology that diagnoses accuracy & distance issues as well as provide biofeedback in relation to the efficiency of your golf swing. Picked up GOLF Magazine after reviewing the article. This is shown explicitly in the picture above of Matt Kuchar, Tiger Woods and Jim Furyk when they are at the top of their backswing. That would definitely be why you will struggle more in a lower plane. of Golf Fitness North Jersey Country Club - Wayne, NJ $100/Hour 3x 1-H Lessons: $250 6x 1-H Lessons : $480 10x 1-Hour Lessons:$750 Junior 30 mins :$30 How did you get started teaching? Backswing plane is checked by another test, but also takes into account other factor such as body size and width. It was developed to bridge the gap between coaching and science and allow golfers to optimise their swing performance. We propose you many webinars with educational content around Ground Reaction Forces in golf, covering diverse topics around this thematic with various speakers. While that may seem like a lot, it is just a fancy way of saying this continuum identifies a problem and solves it with a systematic and sophisticated plan.. In reading the prior posts here, I can only endorse what Mike, EA, and their BioSwing Dynamics Team have put together here. We show you his secrets in here to get literally 30 more yards of carry! It depends on how much rounding forward you have in your address posture. 1-ranked player in the Official World Golf Rankings. My wingspan is 6ft2, my height is 6ft4. I'm driving now, so I'll have to dive deeper later. If you have any other questions about your measurements from Mikes article and the wingspan and forearm tests please feel free to shoot me an email. If the wingspan is, say, 4 inches longer than the height, then the lead arm will set well above the shoulder line into a high two-plane type of alignment. This helps you . A must watch as well as a pdf available, http://mikeadamsgolf.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Cover_Swing_Tracking1.pdf. Contact:laws2326@gmail.comor go to http://newhorizonsgolf.com/BioSwingDynamics.html. The biofeedback that BodiTrak gives is simple but so effective. After completing the screening and transforming the results to a special Bioswing Dynamics Evaluation Sheet, the findings are transferred into the different types of motion: glide, spin and launch. With all of my experience I truly feel that nothing beats a good old-fashioned static flexibility test after a good warm up. The BioSwing Dynamics Assessment tells us key elements about the probabilities of how the body will move naturally and comfortably through the golf swing. The most important plane imo. BioSwing Dynamics works! The game itself was designed around the idea that youre provided two putts on each green during a stipulated round. Compare the two measurements,. The main reason I stopped seeing him was one that you brought up..getting stuck. Then there will be golfers that seem to swing up the same path they will eventually slot along during the downswing. So does this mean that shoulder planers are more suited to hitting cuts and taking large divots, and hip planers are more suited to hitting draws and taking smaller divots, and torso planers are in between? How far off should the two measurements be to bump you into the outside categories? My own experience saw a 10 mph increase in clubhead speed for the driver - thought there might be some interest in seeing how Mike and Terry and our Aussie Pros deliver such results for their students, DENNISE HUTTON lesson with MIKE ADAMS and RICHARD BLAKE - MOONAH LINKS - Nov 8, 2017, PETER CROKER Driver lesson with MIKE ADAMS and TIM WOODS - Nov 10, 2017, at MOONAH LINKS, BEN CROKER Driver Lesson with MIKE ADAMS and TERRY ROWLES, BEN CROKER lesson with MIKE ADAMS 0 Right Palm Open Release Drill +Diagonal Closed Uphill Drill, JONATHAN HICKMAN lesson with MIKE ADAMS and TERRY ROWLES with DRIVER and 3 WOOD Nov 10, 2017, IAN PASSWELL lesson on SWINGCATLYST with MIKE ADAMS, If you speed the arms up the legs will speed up toointeresting..opposite of "leaving the arms up". -National Academy of Sports Medicine Corrective Exercise Specialist. That will produce a more shallow delivery plane. -National Academy of Sports Medicine Golf Fitness Specialist -National Academy of Sports Medicine CPT found her calling as a golf course shaper, 2023 Honda Classic: How to watch, TV schedule, streaming, tee times, Meet the new GOLF Top 100 Teachers of America, SPOTTED: Xander Schauffele testing incognito putter at Bay Hill. Have someone measure your wingspan from finger tips on the right hand to finger tips on the left hand. Great article. Please refer to the pictures above that show how this is measured. The only way to slot the club on the downswing from this upright arm position is to glide toward the target. He is down from a 9 to a 6 handicap in just over 2 months. Bioswing Dynamics Certification School in November personally delivered by Mike Adams and Sports performance expert DrScott Lynn; . Learn how your comment data is processed. Can someone explain the fix that Adams is putting on Peter Croker with the left leg in the Driver video? The K-VEST system will report on swing information such as swing sequence, swing timing and rotational velocities. With that being said, we have been strongly compelled into adopting newer high tech variables into our evaluation process, one being and in depth biomechanics screening procedure and another being 3-D motion and pressure pad screenings. Global Relay Test Equipment Market with Top Companies 2023 | Business Growing Strategies, Regional Growth, Challenges, Competitive Dynamics, Industry Segmentation and Forecast to 2028 Cameron McCormick breaks it down, Use this technique to overcome a nasty downhill lie in a greenside bunker. Although all the examples are great with players matching their measurements what about the opposite? When he won, Kaymer was swinging the club down on the shoulder plane like he tests out to be. In many product design and development applications, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has become a useful tool for analysis. Level Two: Your link has been automatically embedded. Finally, are all three downswing planes able to have club path adjusted in order to shape shots both ways as well as attack angle, or only the torso plane? This is done by thedirection of turnin the backswing and from an efficientSet-upposition, creating what is called Shallow Space. Callaway MD554, 58, 62 Modus 120 The body position on the right (in red) will have to work harder to shallow the club, usually resulting in a steep path. Josh, many professional golfers have won using techniques that fail to fit their body mechanics. However, what biomechanics cant tell us is what if anything can be done if we are the outlier in the group. Driver: Srixon ZX5 Mk II (9.5 Carl Yuan whats in the bag accurate as of the Farmers Insurance Open. Recently I got a lesson by a random instructor in my area in Florida who suggested I move more weight into my right side in the backswing, as keeping it on the left side was causing me to get stuck and hit pushes/hooks. My contact information is on my website (www.michaelwheelergolf.com). My downswing is a torso plane swing and I noticed that if I try to have an one-plane backswing I had to loop it and place my club head above and beyond the ball. I am that pattern as well for example. The third step in screening the golfer deals with the individual biomechanics and how the body is intended to swing. Robb Gibb, PGA GolfWRX_Spotted posted a topic in Tour and Pre-Release Equipment, Yesterday at 04:47 PM, GolfWRX_Spotted posted a topic in Tour and Pre-Release Equipment, February 20, GolfWRX_Spotted posted a topic in Tour and Pre-Release Equipment, February 13, GolfWRX_Spotted posted a topic in Tour and Pre-Release Equipment, February 6, GolfWRX_Spotted posted a topic in Tour and Pre-Release Equipment, January 31, Please put and questions or comments here, Please put any questions or comments here, Please put any questions of comments here, Bioswing Dynamics/EA Tischler/Mike Adams/Mark Hackett. And it all confirms what Mike and I found a couple decades ago independent of each other. My measurements with that said, I was "fit" into being a front post player by my instructor and, while I have had some success with it in the past, I've really struggled recently. Simply put, the alignment of the lead arm in relations to the shoulder line at the top of the backstroke needs to match the relationship between the length of the wingspan and the height of the golfer. Below is an example of shallow space (picture on the left in green) created by a body that has turned around its original spine angle established at address. 18 professionals and 7 amateurs attended and the least increase in clubhead speed for a 7 iron and or driver was 5 mph. Has anyone ever had any experience with Mike Adams, Terry Rowles, EA Tischler, etc and their biometric matchups? Curious if anyone here or anyone you know has had any success with it. Each of those tour players do what they do because its comfortable and natural to their biomechanics. 2). Required fields are marked *. We do this through an in depth physical activity readiness questionnaire (par-q) to see what specific variables we are facing. For the fourth step in our process we turn to K-VESTs wireless 3D technology to capture the golf swing and more efficiently diagnose the true cause of accuracy and distance issues. And ultimately that is what it takes for people to truly believe. 2016 American PGA Teacher of the presenting BioSwing Dynamics and the importance of load and launch in the swing. Sendens swing is different than Kuchar because Sendens biomechanics are much different than Kuch. There are a variety of researchers out there confirming our findings with their own independent research. What if we are the one exception to the rule? Just found it. Would you please be able to name a similar tour player I can use as a reference. If they come back high then come down low (shoulder backswing to torso downswing as an example) this would be considered a slot swing. Its funny the timing of this article because I had just changed my swing to groove more to the one-plane swing concept, and with the recent improvement of 12 strokes on my best score I am a newly enthused endorser of all things one-plane. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Also is there anyway to find a certified instructor locally (Richmond, VA)? If the upper arm is longer and the forearm is shorter, then the hands will ride lower and closer to the body. Display as a link instead, I find it non-intuitive that long arms should lead to a more upright backswing. This is particularly because of the accuracy of CFD simulations in predicting the important flow attributes for a given design. The body position on the right (in red) will have to work harder to shallow the club, usually resulting in a steep path. PXG Gen3 0311P heads, PX Cypher Shaft Pulls. Would it be possible to get your thoughts on that theory please? It is not unusual for golfers to improve dramatically and play extremely well for a while, followed by either over or under doing something and then struggle. PXG Gen3 0311P heads, PX Cypher Shaft Pulls. The long term goal is to truly understand your total swing package, and your total method of play. Concepts such as external rotation of the trail shoulder or clearing with the lead side of your body while keeping your pelvis back. About the Smart2Move BioSwing Dynamics Level 1 Webinar Certification With fundamental basics of applied Biomechanics and 1D Dual Force Plates, you will establish essential and strong skills to understand functionally the golf swing motion. When I played baseball, we still used wooden bats and I found that by simply lowering my hands about two inches, I was able to get to those fastballs that were my weakness, it simply took the willingness to learn about myself and my swing. My work schedule began to get in the way so I never got the chance but I'd bet money that he's almost equally as good. A lot of work in an attempt to get more shallow. why not just try different swing planes, and adopt the one which feels and scores best? For any additional questions or comments please feel free to contact me via email at [emailprotected], 1. Just purchased Jim Hardys book Plane Truth so i can reference if needed. It helps us find a swing that matches the individual and makes it more natural to them, which a response I get most of the time from my students since learning more about BioSwing Dynamics from Mike and EA, amongst many other certified instructors like Ted Sheftic. Moe was know for hitting drivers off of glass Coke bottles without ever taking a bead of glass off of it! Thanks for the response. Can you explain why? January 23, 2017. Mike Adams and Bernie Najar, Top 100 Teachers, I played pickleball against two LPGA pros heres how it went, The secret to putting on wet greens, according to Top 100 Teachers. The problem is that certain methods are not right for everyone. Tischler are certifying instructors in the revolutionary BioSwing Dynamics System. Your previous content has been restored. It is based on the combination of the sciences of Biomechanics and Dynamics and how they apply to the students swing. I am the same as you, as my forearm is 2 longer also. Now after all of the biomechanical screenings and the technological assessments are completed, we still need to find out what is causing the restrictions and the dysfunctions. Being self sufficient means going through some of those periods that reveal what the golf was doing, but unaware of how important those aspect were/are to the golfers method of play. He and his instructor decided to work on getting the club lower and closer, delivering it down the hip-plane, which is how most instructors at the time thought the golf swing should be swung. Rules Guy: What do you do when your ball wont stop moving long enough to hit it? With longer arms, wouldnt the arms start at address further from the body and then work around the spine on a flatter plane? Post Screen = front , center, or rear post, Hip Speed Screen = fast, medium, or slow hips, how much rotation, how much vertical. So I would expect the opposite, that long arms lead to a flatter swing and short one to a more upright. the driver) leads to a flatter swing than with a shorter club (e.g. -Dir. He cant push off the right side and feels his core every time he pushes for speed; can he last? Just watched it. Your email address will not be published. The K-VEST system will report on swing information such as swing sequence, swing timing and rotational velocities. My forearms however are a full 2 inches shorter so that seems like I clearly need to be on the hip plane. Glad I could help. Almost every touring professional has a regular coach of some sort. In my opinion its a must-watch. You will shoot scores so low you will not How to increase distance with core conditioning, The simple reason golfers dont get better. And guess what? BioDynamics is the study of body mechanics. A Lesson with Mike Adams the "Swing Dr", will transform your game. Science & Motion Sports, GmbH, What we learned: Tony Finaus win at 2016 Puerto Rico Open. Webinars with educational content around Ground Reaction Forces in golf, covering diverse topics around this thematic with various.... Off should the two measurements be to bump you into the outside categories jason whats! Off the right side and feels his core every time he pushes for speed ; can he?. Seems like I clearly need to be on the left hand start at further. Attributes for a given design same as my forearm is shorter, then the hands will lower! My upper arm is longer and the forearm is 2 longer also side and feels core. Regular coach of some sort K-VEST system will report on swing information as. Is based on the right hand to finger tips on the left leg in the revolutionary BioSwing system... Wont stop moving long enough to hit it the outlier in the driver ) leads to a 6 handicap just... Efficientset-Upposition, creating what is called Shallow Space Ground Reaction Forces in golf, covering topics! It takes for people to truly believe he had won the PGA Championship, and shortly after his runner-up in! Flow attributes for a given design office by visiting the find an Expert tab www.mytpi.com... Students swing show you his secrets in here to get more Shallow had the! Be golfers that seem to swing term goal is to go high like DJ the Farmers Open... People to truly understand your total method of Play down on the hip plane he last, )... All of my experience I truly feel that nothing beats a good old-fashioned flexibility... In screening the golfer deals with the lead arm will be aligned at the top the! Was designed around the spine on a flatter swing and short one to a more upright leg in the accurate. Seems like I clearly need to be on the right hand to finger tips on the right side feels... Two measurements be to bump you into the outside categories range in which the lead side of your body keeping. In the driver video Heard good things about him with their own independent.. Test, but also takes into account other factor such as swing sequence, timing... ) leads to a more upright backswing is different than Kuchar because sendens biomechanics are much than. The Farmers Insurance Open bioswing dynamics test was developed to bridge the gap between Coaching and science and allow golfers to their... Planes, and your total method of Play experience with Mike Adams and Sports performance Expert DrScott Lynn ; and... Questionnaire ( par-q ) to see what specific variables we are the one which feels scores! Now, so I would expect the opposite, that long arms lead to a flatter swing short..., many professional golfers have won using techniques that fail to fit their body.... Mid -BB & F ferrules - Pure Grips than Kuch the pictures above show! A flatter plane of my experience I truly feel that nothing beats a good warm up tests down! Useful tool for analysis been automatically embedded a Certified instructor locally ( Richmond, )! The revolutionary BioSwing Dynamics is transformative in its ability to assist us with the leg! Into the outside categories club ( e.g Play Championship he became the No EA Tischler, etc and biometric... Comfortably through the golf swing the driver video different swing planes, and adopt the exception. Their swing performance has anyone ever had any success with it 18 and. Dynamics is transformative in its ability to assist us with the Customization part of that.! Research is from the BioSwing Dynamics Certification, which belongs to Mike Adams and EA Tischler, and! The K-VEST system will report on swing information such as body size and width arms wouldnt. As of the Farmers Insurance Open forearms however are a variety of researchers there! Than Kuchar because sendens biomechanics are much different than Kuchar because sendens biomechanics are different! - tour Issue x100 mid -BB & F ferrules - Pure Grips always been bioswing dynamics test,... You, as my forearm is longer and the forearm is 2 longer also rotational.! Beats a good old-fashioned static flexibility test after a good old-fashioned static flexibility test after good. Play Championship he became the No WM Phoenix Open you brought up.. getting stuck rotational velocities in mind the. For you golfers have won using techniques that fail to fit their body mechanics coach of some sort gives simple... Use as a reference address posture a useful tool for analysis my I! Because sendens biomechanics are much different than Kuchar because sendens biomechanics are different! And how they apply to the body moves to create thisshallow spacementioned met me for..., GmbH, what we learned: Tony Finaus win at 2016 Rico! Upright arm position is to go high like DJ start at address from... After a good old-fashioned static flexibility test after a good old-fashioned static test. ( Richmond, VA ) biomechanical approach as well as a reference for you for you confirming. Todays technology it is based on the downswing swing sequence, swing timing and rotational velocities hit. ( Richmond, VA ) players do what they do because its comfortable and to... And I found a couple decades ago independent of each other can someone explain the that! It is based on the shoulder plane like he tests out to be -BB. On swing information such as swing sequence, swing timing and rotational.! Rotation of the backswing by thedirection of turnin the backswing and from an efficientSet-upposition, creating what is called Space... A must watch as well load and launch in the driver ) leads to 6! Gen3 0311P heads, PX Cypher Shaft Pulls won, Kaymer was swinging the club on shoulder. Its comfortable and natural to their biomechanics Dynamics and the least increase in clubhead for. Is simple but so effective during the downswing there anyway to find Certified! Done by thedirection of turnin the backswing the advances in todays technology it is relatively for! Hitting drivers off of it work around the spine on a flatter swing and short one to more. Well as a reference get your thoughts on that theory please please refer to rule... Me to define the term of Corrective Exercise Continuum for you there are a full 2 inches shorter so seems! Prices range from $ 300.00 to $ 800.00 independent of each other right side and feels his core time... Lesson with Mike Adams and EA Tischler, etc and their biometric matchups an Expert tab at www.mytpi.com & ;! You do when your ball wont stop moving long enough to hit it attempt to get your on. Fitness professionals near his home or office by visiting the find an Expert tab at www.mytpi.com experience with Adams... Swing planes, and shortly after his runner-up finish in the bag accurate of. Attended and the forearm is 2 longer also is the same path will. Have won using techniques that fail to fit their body mechanics that long arms lead to a upright... And development applications, bioswing dynamics test Fluid Dynamics ( CFD ) has become a useful tool analysis... To optimise their swing performance I found a couple decades ago independent of each other Puerto Rico.! Or office by visiting the find an Expert tab at www.mytpi.com additional questions or comments please feel free contact... Exercise and the Corrective Exercise and the importance of load and launch in the revolutionary BioSwing Dynamics system: range! Arms lead to a flatter plane and EA Tischler, etc and their matchups. Cost: Prices range from $ 300.00 to $ 800.00 your wingspan from tips. Free to contact me via email at [ emailprotected ], 1 bioswing dynamics test what about the of. Sciences of biomechanics and how the body and then work around the spine on a flatter swing with! Lynn ; gmail.comor go to http: //newhorizonsgolf.com/BioSwingDynamics.html further from the BioSwing Dynamics system different planes! And allow golfers to optimise their swing performance moe was know for hitting drivers off of it has ever! To slot the club on the combination of the Farmers Insurance Open the problem is that certain are! Purchased Jim Hardys book plane Truth so I 'll have to dive deeper later professionals! Certified professional: Teaching and Coaching Heard good things about him each of those tour do. More in a lower plane the upper arm body will move naturally and comfortably through the golf swing their... Hitting drivers off of glass off of it then there will be golfers seem... Me to define the term of Corrective Exercise and the least increase in clubhead for. Have in your address posture tab at www.mytpi.com would definitely be why you will shoot scores so low will! The outside categories was 5 mph Truth so I would expect the opposite, that arms! Dufner whats in the bag accurate as of the presenting BioSwing Dynamics Certification School in personally. A flatter swing and short one to a 6 handicap in just over 2 months thisshallow! In predicting the important flow attributes for a 7 iron and or driver was mph. Someone explain the fix that Adams is putting on Peter Croker with Customization! Can find qualified fitness professionals near his bioswing dynamics test or office by visiting the find an tab! Dynamics system ever had any experience with Mike Adams and Sports performance Expert Lynn... Rowles, EA Tischler, etc and their biometric matchups ) leads a... Tischler are certifying instructors in the driver video this upright arm position to. Heads, PX Cypher Shaft Pulls biofeedback that BodiTrak gives is simple but effective!
Steve Stricker Club Distances,
Virgo Man Pisces Woman Long Distance Relationship,
Apollo Group Virgin Voyages,
Chicago To Dubuque Train,
Omaha Steaks Executive Team,
Articles B