I very much hope that this is not Berrys last missive from Henry Countythat, having taken hundreds of pages to vent his resentment, he can clear his mind, can air out his prose and return to what I understand to be his calling: caring for the land, caring for the community of life, caring for the integrity and clarity of his thought. he Wendell Berry Farming Program, a tuition-free college degree program that started in 2019 graduated its inaugural cohort of 12 students on May 15, 2021 at. He replied on the pages of a yellow legal pad: Dear Dorothy, Im hurrying to answer, and I hope you dont mind being written to with a pencil. I didnt like confinement, he said. Wendell said to her, It sounds like youre starting a center. Mary had no idea how to run a nonprofit, but, she told me, I had what was left of a pretty good farm culture and a well-watered landscape.. In 1964, he announced to his astonished colleagues that he had accepted a professorship at the University of Kentucky, in Lexington, and that he was going to take up farming near his familys home place. That year, he and Tanya bought their house and their first twelve acres. and Home Place take so much of the burden off a small farmer. Neither was the South a region that prized a sense of placecotton and tobacco were hard on the land, but it was cheaper to work the soil to exhaustion and then move on. Though Berry is careful to state that slavery was indefensible, his hottest anger is reserved for industrialism, whose triumph, he maintains, loosed a virulent racism across the nation. Kentucky at the time was overwhelmingly rural, and the U.S. as a whole had only just become a nation in which the majority of its inhabitants lived in urban areas. In that unity lies Berrys despair, but also his hope. But Berry also had books on the brain, and he left the farm in Henry County, first for the University of Kentucky, where he studied English, eventually earning a masters degree, and then for Stanford, as a Wallace Stegner fellow in the creative writing program that Stegner founded and which would turn out some of the 20th centurys most important place-based writers. From the very beginning, Berry had farming in his blood: Both sides of his family had been cultivating the same land for generations. Always productive, by the 1970s Berry was publishing almost a book a year, a pace that has only just started to slacken. It is a geologic upheaval. Entire mountaintops were torn off and cast into the valleys, he added. In The Need to Be Whole, he argues that the problem of race is inextricable from the violent abuse of our natural resources, and that white peoples part in slavery and all the other outcomes of race prejudice, so damaging to its victims, has also been gravely damaging to white people. The books subtitle is Patriotism and the History of Prejudice., Before sending me the manuscript, Berry wrote that he belongs to a tiny side but no party. Indeed, this pondering and ponderous book, as he calls it, contains something to offend almost everyone. The two couples sell the vegetables and much of the pork and beef at Louisvilles two farmers markets, to the local Community Supported Agriculture organization, and to a recently opened restaurant, the New Castle Tavern. An earlier version of this article misstated HerbE. Smiths role in the creation of Appalshop. An early-twentieth-century English botanist, Howard had studied traditional farming methods in India and emerged as an evangelist for sustainable agriculture. This elemental conflict between capitalism and agrarianism is also the driving tension in The Need to Be Whole, and Berry again recounts how capitalism has devastated the countryside (he is careful to distinguish country, the land on which we live, from nation, an imaginary thing for which he has little use): the staggering loss of topsoil; the concentration of farming by agribusiness; the increased reliance on heavily polluting, toxic fertilizers and pesticides; deforestation; mountaintop removal; climate changethe whole litany of environmental costs. Learning / August 7, 2015 January 20, 2022 / Wendell Berry. He was also a fervent advocate of a new organization, the Burley Tobacco Growers Cooperative Association. It cannot humble itself. At first, he wanted to become a pastor, but his father asked him, You want to live off the plate, and be dependent on others hard work? Joseph and Abbie decided that he was right about the value of producing something on your own. Once, Meb told Wendell, his father carried in a sack on his back fifty rabbits and a big possum up the slope we were climbing, and across the ridge to the road to Port Royal, where he sold the animals at the farm store. By his definition, a corporation is a pile of money to which a number of persons have sold their moral allegiance. Objecting to Supreme Court rulings that treat corporations as persons, Berry argues that the limitless destructiveness of this economy comes about precisely because a corporation is not a person. In other words, It can experience no personal hope or remorse, no change of heart. Yes, once, Berry said. Wendell maintained that the purpose of the Burley Association was to achieve fair prices, fairly determined, and with minimal help from the government., Berry often writes of trying to nurture a human economythe antithesis of Americas total economy, run by latter-day robber barons and the politicians who count on their donations. (Tanya looks back on the controversy with amusement: Did I tell you several women have greeted me with Oh, youre the one who types!) Berry responded that he preferred his admittedly old-fashioned view of marriagea state of mutual helpto the popular idea of two successful careerists in the same bed, and a sort of private political system in which rights and interests must be constantly asserted and defended.. I recognized the story, which he included in a piece of fiction in a recent issue of The Threepenny Review. After visiting Berry at his Kentucky farm, Wickenden wrote, From this sliver of vanishing America, Berry cultivates the unfashionable virtues of neighborliness and compassion. As comfortable with a hoe as with a pen, he has been one of the few intellectuals reminding us that country life is far more complex than its caricature, that industrial progress is nothing of the sort, that living in the country and working with the land can be a path to redemption, that living in the country and working with the land is the path to redemption. For centuries, Hudson Valley farmers have used the winter months to store seed, swap stories, and lay the groundwork for a bountiful growing season. . She admits that growing up on her parents farm wasnt easy: the outdoor composting privy, the absence of vacations, the mandatory chores that pulled her out of bed each morning before dawn. An image lodged in my mindbusy men in dark suits, their secretaries typing and taking dictation, while Berry told amusing stories in bluejeans and scuffed shoes. As I got out of the car, three dogs bounded up, followed by Abbie and Joseph. I no longer have the courage to write if I cant erase. He recalled that his work on A Place on Earth had been a long and awkward struggle, and so having Dans help and encouragement at that time was wondrous good fortune. After more letters and phone calls, he and Tanya invited me to visit. A more judicious thinker might conclude that Krugman is getting quite the deal in return for scanty social spending, and that the bigger problem is not rural ungratefulness but urban exploitation. Most readers who know Berry know him for The Unsettling of America, which begins: One of the peculiarities of the white races presence in America is how little intention has been applied to it. The Need to Be Whole returns to these themes, even while it takes a bitter twist that many of his longtime fans, like myself, may find difficult and disappointing. Berry summons writers, from Homer to Twain, who extended understanding and sympathy to enemies, sinners, and outcasts: sometimes to people who happen to be on the other side or the wrong side, sometimes to people who have done really terrible things. In this spirit, he offers an assessment of RobertE. Lee, whom he calls one of the great tragic figures of our history. He presents Lee as a white supremacist and a slaveholder, but also as a reluctant soldier who opposed secession and was forced to choose between conflicting loyalties: his country and his people. As a boy, Wendell tagged along with Nick on his daily rounds, talking about Nicks old foxhound Waxy, about how to judge a good saddle horse, and about the prospect of camping together in the mountains. Tann plans eventually to open an agrarian-science centera farm-to-table Wonka factory, where hell serve locally sourced meals and proselytize about diversified farming. If the industrial world was built on slave labor, then its also true that the agrarian/slave culture of the South was dependent on Northern capital. For instance, he writes early on that slavery would have been a relationship of mutual affection between owner and owned, that an enslaved person would emerge from the abstraction of market value to become a known person, known moreover as a member of the farms community of humans and other creatures. He posits that abuse and cruelty must have been rare, because such treatment would have wasted time and that, after the days work was done, enslaved people were relatively free to venture as they wished. The author of more than 40 works of fiction, nonfiction, and poetry, Wendell Berry has been the recipient of numerous awards and honors, including a Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship (1962), the Vachel Lindsay Prize from Poetry (1962), a Rockefeller Foundation Fellowship (1965), a National Institute of Arts and Letters award for writing (1971), Republican gubernatorial candidate Quarles calls for medical cannabis in Kentucky, Ky. lawmakers advance bill to keep coal on power grid, citing reliability concerns, Hopkinsville women appointed to state boards, Christian County sewing group donates quilts to foster care children, 2022 Hoptown Chronicle | All rights reserved, New farmers come closer to fulfilling their dreams at Wendell Berry program in Kentucky, New compendium of Kentucky writer Wendell Berrys essays published, Institute for Rural Journalism and Community Issues. Before the advent of commercial fertilizers, hill farmers needed the highly fertile fresh-cleared soil. To revisit this article, select My Account, thenView saved stories, To revisit this article, visit My Profile, then View saved stories. The Berry Center, with a staff of eight and a board of ten, attracts visitors from around the world who share many Americans sense of deracination. On a bitterly cold winter day, he had to leave the comfort of the house: his livestock was out, and a fence had to be mended. The exploiters only ever stick around in one place as long as theres easy profit to be made, but the nurturers stay put. Another way to describe what Berry is doing is that hes casting American history as a conflict between capitalism and something more social, communal, and rooted in the earthwhat he calls agrarianism. It sounded impossibly idealistic, given the number of family-farm foreclosures. It is the knowledge that people have of each other, their concern for each other, their trust in each other, the freedom with which they come and go among themselves.. It was dangerous and a polluter, he acknowledged, but also handy and fast. On the dashboard were two lengths of wood, sharpened at one end, which he identified as tobacco sticks. Berrys books are frequently found on the shelves of those who not only are critical of the wasteful course of mainstream American culture but also believe that we can change it ourselves with simple tools, a little land, lots of camaraderie, and plenty of sweat. He divides his time between writing and farmwork, continuing his vocation of championing sustainable agriculture in a country fueled by industrial behemoths, while striving to insure that rural Americans a mocked, despised, and ever-dwindling minority do not perish altogether., Berry let Wickenden read, and quote from, his forthcoming book, due this summer: The Need to Be Whole, in which He argues that the problem of race is inextricable from the violent abuse of our natural resources, and that White peoples part in slavery and all the other outcomes of race prejudice, so damaging to its victims, has also been gravely damaging to white people. For a time / I rest in the grace of the world, and am free. I hope Berry gets his rest and returns to his good work. But between his introduction and concluding two chapters, theres a revisionist history of slavery and its legacy that is largely unburdened by historical fact, laced with resentment about verbal slights flung at both the South and the rural U.S., and utterly incurious as to why, for instance, masses of Americans might find statues of Confederate generals objectionable and so be inspired to pull them down (Berry dismisses statue removal, as well as much of liberal politics, as simple political correctness). A properly educated conservative, who has neither approved of abortion nor supported a tax or a regulation, can destroy a mountain or poison a river and sleep like a baby, he writes. "It may be that when we no longer know what to do, we have come to our real work. Equal parts The Unsettling of America: Culture & Agriculture (1977), a scathing indictment of big agribusiness and factory farms, and The Hidden Wound (1970), his pathbreaking book-length essay on farming, American culture, and racism, The Need to Be Whole once again considers the question that Berry has spent his entire life contemplating: How can we live among our fellow creatures in a way that is honorable, just, and as sustaining of our souls as of our material needs? The Fiechters sell the duck eggs, along with pigs and mushrooms that they raise. As we climbed a steep rise, Wendell talked about how the Fords had felled trees and extracted rocks, so that the hill could be plowed for tobacco. He wrote to Dan that hed like to forgo an author photo, and asked that the flap copy, if there must be any at all, be kept to a description of the book, objective as possible. As for author interviews: Why, before I have come to any coherent understanding myself of what Im doing here, should I admit some journalist to render it all in the obvious clichs? He finally relented about the photo, after Dan pleaded, Perhaps absurdly, it can help to persuade people to read the book it adorns, and we do want people to read your book, and I dare say even you wont mind too much if people read your book., In those days, the best-seller lists were filled with novels by Bernard Malamud, Philip Roth, Joseph Heller, and Saul Bellownot to mention Jacqueline Susann and Harold Robbinsand it wasnt clear that Berry would ever find an audience. The family had sat around the fire earlier, speculating about how much he would get for the years crop, and how they would use the money to pay down their debts. The highest aim of the school was to produce a perfectly obedient, militarist, puritanical moron who could play football, Berry writes in The Long-Legged House. His greatest lesson from those years: Take a simpleton and give him power and confront him with intelligenceand you have a tyrant. Each year, when school let out for the summer, Wendell headed to his great-uncle Currans camp with an axe and a scythe, to mow the wild grass and horseweed. When the time came to harvest tobacco, Berry and his neighbors swapped work, in what he called a sort of agrarian passion.. The following year, he marched against the Vietnam War in Lexington, where he told the crowd that, as a member of the human race, he was in the worst possible company: communists, fascists and totalitarians of all sorts, militarists and tyrants, exploiters, vandals, gluttons, ignoramuses, murderers. But, he insisted, he was given hope by people who through all the sad destructive centuries of our history have kept alive the vision of peace and kindness and generosity and humility and freedom., On Valentines Day weekend, 2011, Berry joined a small group of activists to occupy Governor Steve Beshears office in Frankfort, as hundreds more marched outside with I Love Mountains placards. That applies to writing. He is also a 2013 Fellow of The American Academy of Arts and Sciences. May 19th 2022 W endell berry was almost 30 when he packed up his life as a New York intellectual and decamped to Port Royal, a tiny community in Kentucky where generations of his forebears had. Ultimately, were using the curriculum as a way for farmers to make decisions informed by poetry, history, and literature, as well as the hard sciences.. Mom and Dad were producing eighty to eighty-five per cent of what we were eating. She thought that they were poor: We didnt live in a ranch house, drink Coke, or have a TV. A friend, taking pity on her, got on the phone each week to offer a running narration of popular shows. Wendell spotted her standing beside the newel post of a staircase in Miller Hall. Despite Berrys veneration of his ancestors, he can be unsparing about their sins. The novelist Colum McCann told The Atlantic in 2017 that Berrys poems have a real twinkle in their eyes in the face of a dark world. He recited The Mad Farmers Love Song, which features one of his favorite figures in the canon: O when the worlds at peaceand every man is freethen will I go down unto my love.O and I may go downseveral times before that. He stopped where the woods by the creek gave way to an open field and a tobacco barn. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Cond Nast. In his great poem The Peace of Wild Things, he wrote: When despair for the world grows in me I go and lie down where the wood drake / rests in his beauty on the water, and the great heron feeds. Wendell Berry, America's foremost farmer-philosopher, with horses on his farm. Aghast, Beshear asked, But youre on city water, arent you? Handshoe said recently that the Governor meant well, but was no match for the coal lobby: After he left, nothing much happened., Berry puts his faith in citizens who are committed to restoring their communities. Hardcover, 222 pages, $45. Wendell Erdman Berry (born 1934) is an American novelist, poet, essayist, environmental activist, cultural critic, and farmer. February 26, 2022. One of the people at the sit-in was his friend HerbE. Smith, from a family of miners in Whitesburg. And he took up organic gardening. As Liz ran into the pasture, Wendell and I went into the barn. A new era of strength competitions is testing the limits of the human body. Joseph grew up in Dupont, Indiana (population three hundred and forty), where his parents ran two small farms and his father worked full time for the Department of Natural Resources. (After they departed, Tanya told me that Lucie had asked excitedly to say goodbye to Dorothy. I was charmed, until she said, Our donkey is named Dorothy.). It enabled farmers to free themselves from the grip of the trust by establishing production controls and parity prices, and by selling their tobacco directly to manufacturers. C.S.A. We drove along a creek called Cane Run, through a forest of sycamores, hickories, and maples, in shades of gold and rust. But, as he puts it in The Need to Be Whole, he and Gaines had a shared sense of origin in the talk of old people and our loyalty to the places and communities that nurtured us. bell hooks liked to quote a line of Berrys about Gaines: He has shown that the local, fully imagined, becomes universal. She saw the same gift in Berry. He grew particularly close to Ernest Gaines, another Stegner Fellow. T he name Adrian Bell will be unfamiliar to the great majority of American readers, and even in his native England he seems to be somewhat forgotten among the general reading public, even though his books were quite popular from the . The immediate villain was President Nixons Agriculture Secretary, Earl Butz, who warned small farmers to adapt or die. But Berry had a bigger target, which he came to call technological fundamentalism: If we have built towering cities, we have raised even higher the cloud of megadeath. This idyll was shattered on his ninth or tenth birthday, when his grandmother threw him a party, inviting the family and some of the neighbors. Reviewed by Robert Grano. Although Berry is enviably prolific, he doesnt find writing easy. It was work. Berry prized his seminars with Stegner, whom he considers the Wests foremost storyteller, historian, critic, conservator and loyal citizen. In a Jefferson Lecture in 2012, he quoted Stegners description of Americans as one of two basic types, boomers and stickers. Boomers are those who pillage and run, who make a killing and end up on Easy Street. Stickers are those who settle, and love the life they have made and the place they have made it in. They are placed people, in Berrys termforever attached to the look of the sky, the smell of native plants, and the vernacular of home. THE MORAL AND SPIRITUAL VISION OF WENDELL BERRY Instructor Dr. Brian Volck Schedule Mondays, 6:00 - 8:30 pm Description This course will explore the essays, . In 1977 he turned his back on the urban, urbane academic life, resigned from the University of Kentucky, and went home to Henry County, where he turned to traditional farming. The New Yorker may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The single room, containing an antique woodstove against the back wall and a neatly made cot in one corner, was dominated by his worktable, set before a forty-paned windowthe eye of the housethat looks out onto the porch, the woods, and the river below. My town, once celebrated for its laid-back weirdness, is now a turbocharged tech megalopolis beingshaped by exiles from places like Silicon Valley. For Berry, as for hooks, love was more than a feeling. Someone took out a few panes and tried to get into my safe. School held little interest for Wendell. Seeing that I needed help understanding it as a cultural touchstone, Berry said, Id better tell you about my daddy. His father, John Marshall Berry, had a searing early experience that shaped his life, as well as the lives of his children and grandchildren. 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