american imperialism timeline from 1870 to 1914

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Economic insecurity became a basic way of life as the depressions of the 1870s and 1890s put millions out of work or reduced pay. Printed from Oxford Research Encyclopedias, American History. The US got permission from Columbia who ruled Panama. American Imperialism 1850's to 1914 By hitaishi Timeline List 1850 1855 1860 1865 1870 1875 1850, Reasons for the growth of American imperialism 1867, The United States acquires Alaska 1867 1867, The United States takes Hawaii Show comments You might like: APUSH Period 7 APUSH 1890-1945 Imperialism APUSH Unit 7 (1890-1945) In 1896, the first modern Olympics were held in Athens. Cuba wants freedom from Spain. After suppressing the rebellion, the British government made India part of the empire in 1858, as mentioned previously. Rivalries between France and Great Britain over the Sudan, between France and Germany over Morocco, and over the Ottoman Empire contributed to the hostile conditions that led to World War I in 1914. Spain was badly outmatched, and within six weeks the United States had triumphed in the, Not everyone was thrilled about the United States' new role as an imperial power. Declare war with Spain in 1898. Imported goods wiped out local craft industries. In the early nineteenth century, Romantic artists and writers rejected the rationalism of the Enlightenment and stressed the importance of human emotions and feelings. Direct link to Robert Woods's post Why did the U.S. In the mid-19th century Britains economy outdistanced by far its potential rivals. Direct link to briancsherman's post The United States purchas, Posted 5 years ago. In June 1900, the Boxers launched a series of attacks against foreigners and Chinese Christians. A popular leisure activity was a trip to local music halls. Added Hawaii as a state and added more land and resources in the United States. The puck image? Like Carnegie, Rockefeller publicly supported a number of philanthropies, yet privately domineered over his workers and bitterly fought their efforts to organize and unionize. Essential Questions:. The growing interest in sports led to the revival of the ancient Olympic games among countries. From the sixteenth to the early nineteenth century, an era dominated by what is now termed Old Imperialism, European nations sought trade routes with the Far East, explored the New World, and established settlements in North and South America as well as in Southeast Asia. Imperialism also brought confrontation between the cultures. This was also after the Industrial Revolution which allowed for quicker ways to transport cargo. Search within full text. Each change could have been traced back to the railroads.1. In 1851, he promoted day trips for over 150,000 to the Great Exhibition in London, which had been conceived to symbolize the industrial and economic superiority of Great Britain. The Second Industrial Revolution took local communities and their new products out of the shadow of large regional agricultural based economies which was assisted by new labor forces and production techniques. A land that had once run largely north-south now ran east-west. On the other hand, the new imperialism was characterized by a burst of activity in carving up as yet independent areas: taking over almost all Africa, a good part of Asia, and many Pacific islands. Formal colonies would be ruled with U.S.-appointed colonial governors and supported by U.S. troops. By the 1890s, Carnegiedominated the steel industry and had accumulated a fortune worth millions. On Feb. 15, 1898 the U.S.S. of the country. America Becomes a World Power Timeline. The missionaries did the same thing when they came to North America, believing that they were obligated to save the "savage" natives with their religion. It took 3 years for America to put them down.This started the philippine-american war. The renewed push to expand territorial control included not only the earlier colonial powers of western Europe but also newcomers such as Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, and the United States. John Hay, the American Secretary of State, proposed that equal trading rights to China be allowed for all nations and that the territorial integrity of China be respected. However, the British soon came into conflict with the Boers (farmers), the original Dutch settlers who resented British rule. Courtesy of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Archives To log in and use all the features of Khan Academy, please enable JavaScript in your browser. William runs into a problem when no one agrees with him and thinks he's crazy. Originally published by the Tamaqua Area School District under a free and open access license. Also, put the US in the control of the follwing territoiries: Guam, Puerto Rics, and the Phillipines. Britain profited greatly from India, which was called the Crown Jewel of the British Empire. The Indian masses, however, continued to live close to starvation and the British had little respect for the native Indian culture. Even though Puerto Rico has its own government, the US supports it economically. http://wwwimage.cbsnews.com/images/2007/08/29/image3216419.gif. During the Second Industrial Revolution, innovations in transportation, such as roads, steamboats, the Eerie Canal, and most notably railroads, linked distant, previously isolated communities together. Great Britains advantage as the progenitor of the first Industrial Revolution diminished substantially as the newer products and sources of energy of what has been called a second Industrial Revolution began to dominate industrial activity. 1835, ruled 18651909) sentAnglo-American newspaperman Henry Stanley (18411904), to explore the Congo and establish trade agreements with leaders in the Congo River basin. China had a vast potential market for American markets. Direct link to Samantha Moone #Writer's Alliance's post I thought that the U.S. d, Posted 6 years ago. Why did they call people backwards when the constitution says all men are created equal. The US ordered the U.S.S. Thomas Cook (18081892), an Englishman who had organized his first excursion in 1841 for 500 people to attend a temperance rally for 1 shilling, popular-ized tours for the middle class. Colony: Panama: The involvement of the United States with Panama started because the US wanted to build the Panama Canal. However, no countries allowed women to vote. After the invention of steam power and the cotton gin by Eli Whitney in 1793, cotton could be shipped from the American South by New England ships to the vast textile factories of Great Britain, producing a reverse triangle trade around a single global commodity. Quick to find out Alaska is rich in timber, minerals, and oil. High tariffs were enacted to protect American industry from foreign competition, land was granted to railroad companies to encourage construction, and the army was employed to forcibly remove Indians from western land desired by farmers and mining companies. This led to food shortages for local people. In the Age of New Imperialism that began in the 1870s, European states established vast empires mainly in Africa, but also in Asia and the Middle East. Capitalism could only thrive and expand as long as people purchased the products of industry, and at the end of the nineteenth century, Americans were beginning to fear that new markets within the United States were drying up now that. Direct link to Death Adder's post Yes, it's very similar. Posted 7 years ago. In France, Jeanne-Elizabeth Schmahl (18461915) founded in 1909 the French Union for Womens Suffrage. However, at that time, Panama was owned by Columbia who refused to let the US build this canal. The Japanese adopted a constitution based on the Prussian model with the emperor as the head. Inventions during the Second Industrial Revolution were interconnected. Questions of this nature were not new in American history. Why, in such a short time, did the United States abandon its policy of isolationism and take on colonies of its own? The US intervened using the Monroe Doctrine as thier backing. (LogOut/ In 1859, Charles Darwin (18091882) published On the Origin of Species. This rpovided more resources for the economy and helped with trade. Their influence, however, was limited. Italys efforts to gain control of Ethiopia ended in bitter defeat. The French had the largest colonial empire in Africa, over 3 12 million square miles, half of which contained the Sahara Desert. 1878: Austria occupies Bosnia-Herzegovina while Ottoman Empire is at war with Russia. The following table summarizes some key changes. In 1899 the filipinos rebelled against america because america was treating them the same as spain did and they did not like it. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of American History, Department of History, The College of New Jersey, https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199329175.013.83. Carnegie ran his companies with a dictatorial hand; his factories operated around the clock and workers were burdened with long hours. After the Spanish-American War (Apr 21, 1898 Aug 13, 1898) The U.S was left with the islands of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines. As against this, the colonial powers added an average of about 240,000 square miles (620,000 square kilometres) a year between the late 1870s and World War I (191418). Secretary of State William Seward wants to buy Alaska from Russia for $7.2 Million. Many in the United States feared that if America didn't join the race for empire, the great powers would leave it behind. How can you be an empire if you're a republic? Before the development of this elaborate transportation and communication system, economies were localized and often based on a barter system. This resulted in a war in which Britains superior military and industrial might easily destroyed the Chinese military forces. No Africans were invited. Does the United States have the right to tell other countries how to run their governments? Through the use of direct military force, economic spheres of influence, and annexation, European countries dominated the continents of Africa and Asia. Almost immediately, the Mexican Revolution put Wilsons policy to the test. By the 1900s, China was in turmoil. Some Americans, as a result, believed it was undemocratic to force colonial rule on other countries. The Boers soon came into conflict with the powerful Zulus, a native-African ethnic group, for control of the land. Would it be correct to assume, that the "white man's burden" mindset is similar to the mindsets seen with Native Americans in the 1700's with missions and rehabilitation to convert them to Christianity? In 1806, the British displaced Holland in South Africa and ruled the Cape Colony. After the Spanish-American War, the United States exercised significant control over Cuba, annexed Hawaii, and claimed Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as territories. She rejected the militant tactics of the English movement and favored legal protests. The writers and artists of the Realist movement focused on contemporary everyday life, especially of the urban working classes, neglected in imaginative literature before this time. Before that it was a territory. It also has vassal states (independent nations) which have special relationships under which the US takes care of particular functions so that those nations need not bother with them. The success of the Cook Travel Agency symbolized how travel had also become more popular with many segments of society, rather than just the upper class. The successful efforts in negotiating the Treaty of Portsmouth won Roosevelt the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize. Now, 130 years later, as we face another such condition in America, we can learn from what went wrong then so as not to repeat the mistakes. Relying on its economic preeminence in manufacturing, trade, and international finance as well as on its undisputed mastery of the seas during most of the 19th century, Great Britain could afford to relax in the search for new colonies, while concentrating on consolidation of the empire in hand and on building up an informal empire. The Boxer Rebellion failed, but it convinced the Chinese that reforms were necessary. For the United States, however, the Open Door Policy became the cornerstone of its Chinese policy at the beginning of the twentieth century. Spain sent cubans into camps. Do you mean the magazine? The WSPU believed that after years of peaceful protest only aggressive or militant action would bring victory. Being able to ship products great distances transformed the nature of economic activity in the United States. The United States, which had not taken part in carving up China because it feared that spheres of influence might hurt U.S. commerce, promoted the Open Door Policy in 1899. That is why this time period we were "imperializing" much like the British and other European powers had done. Between 1870 and 1890, the industrial nations of Europe and Asia, particularly Great Britain, France, Germany, and Japan, scrambled to seize territory in the undeveloped world. In 1910, Britain combined its South African colonies into the Union of South Africa. European nations disrupted many traditional political units and united rival peoples under single governments that tried to impose stability and order where local conflicts had existed for years, such as in Nigeria and Rwanda. why did the us became an imperial power in the 1890s? "Emperor" is the name, Posted 4 years ago. Under the terms of the licence agreement, an individual user may print out a single article for personal use (for details see Privacy Policy and Legal Notice). Great swaths of land that had once whispered grass now screamed corn and wheat. On december 10, 1898 the US and spain met in Paris to agree on the treaty.The treaty created problems in the US because some thought the treaty violated the declaration of independence. Because of this, the press claimed the Spanish had caused the explosion, causing a mass outcry and the demand for a war with Spain. The world economy experienced harsh depressions in 1873 and again in 1897. The opinion of the American public is split between going to war with spain or not. With an ocean separating it from the travails of Europe, the United States quietly developed into a vast and productive country as wars and famines and revolutions elsewhere brought immigrants to its shores. Military leaders claimed that a strong navy was necessary in order to become a great power. Queen Victoria (18191901) called the struggle for suffrage wicked. Bison had yielded to cattle; mountains had been blasted and bored. Pankhurst and her daughters Christabel (18801958) and Sylvia (18821960) were arrested and jailed many times. The United States had once been a colony, its fates and fortunes tied inextricably with those of Great Britain, and found its colonial status quite at odds with its belief in representative government. Help us continue to bring you the best of the archives without the dust! Doesn't an empire need an emperor? The British occupation of Egypt, the richest and most developed land in Africa, set off African fever in Europe. US Foreign Policy II: 1810-1945. Rudyard Kipling (18651936) in his famous poem, The White Mans Burden expressed this mission in the 1890s when he prodded Europeans to take up their moral obligation to civilize the uncivilized. Finally on July 25 the US invaded Puerto Rico. Roosevelt based his Latin America policy on a West African proverb that said, Speak softly and carry a big stick. The United States would now use force to protect its economic interests in Latin America. With unmatched firepower and technology, these imperial powers divided Africa and Asia among themselves. U.S. imperialism took a variety of forms in the early 20th century, ranging from colonies in Puerto Rico and the Philippines to protectorates in Cuba, Panama, and other countries in Latin America, and open door policies such as that in China. Imperialism in China began with the First Opium War (18391842), when the Chinese government tried to halt the British from importing opium. The US protects Cuba to protect their business interests there sugar, tobacco, railroads, utilities and mining industries. The government was not intended to promote democracy but to unite Japan and make it equal to the West. Japans victory was the first time that an Asian country had defeated a European power in over 200 years. In 1884, chancellor of Germany Otto von Bismarck holds a conference in Berlin. But the help of European powers always came with strings attached, entanglements that the American government found potentially dangerous as the nation struggled to grow and thrive. Darwin never promoted any social ideas. US decision to influence Latin countries through economic forces rather than milatary. However, at that time, Panama was owned by Columbia who refused to let the US build this canal. You do not currently have access to this article, Access to the full content requires a subscription, Copy this link, or click below to email it to a friend. The United States purchased Alaska from Russia in 1867. The importance of the Middle East to the new imperialists was its strategic location (the crossroads of three continents: Europe, Asia, and Africa), vital waterways (canals and the Dardanelles), and valuable oil resources. However, in the mid-nineteenth century, Europeespecially Great Britain and Francebegan an economic revival. From the late 1800s through the early 1900s, Western Europe pursued a policy of imperialism that became known as New Imperialism. But the challenge of new empire builders, backed up by increasing naval power, put a new priority on Britains desire to extend its colonial empire. Said that the US would intervene in conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries. This furthered the United States' presence econmoically as well as geographically. By 1913, the United States produced one-third of the worlds industrial outputmore than the total of Great Britain, France, and Germany combined. Britains holdings in Africa were not as large as Frances but it controlled the more populated regions, particularly of southern Africa, which contained valuable mineral resources such as diamonds and gold. Enter your email address to receive notifications of new posts by email. He advocated a three-point program of nationalism (freeing China from imperial control); democracy (elected government officials); and livelihood (adapting Western industrial and agricultural methods). Next war in the Caribbean lead by the rough riders. As against this, the colonial powers added an average of about 240,000 square miles (620,000 square kilometres) a year between the late 1870s and World War I (1914-18). The railroad spurred the growth of the telegraph machine. In 1928, the required age was lowered to 21, making the voting age for both sexes the same. The local shot outward to the national and even international as a new sense of world unity was established through these new technologies. During the 1880s, new technology contributed to the rise of motion pictures. Deduce that as American trade expanded in the late 1800s, so did American interest in the rest of the world." Panama Canal "In 1914, the Panama Canal connected the world's two largest oceans. Brewminate: A Bold Blend of News and Ideas. They also attacked the foreign embassies in Beijing. These questions were still unanswered when disturbing news came from Cuba, where guerrilla rebels were attempting to throw off the yoke of Spanish rule. The British controlled India through the British East India Company, which ruled with an iron hand. They signed the treaty 15 day later. Dec 2, 1823. The U.S. was awash in an abundance of natural resources from its newly acquired territories, a growing supply of labor immigrating from Europe, and the migration of emancipated African Americans North and West, an expanding market for manufactured goods, and the availability of capital for investment. APUSH Period 7 - Part 1. This new vigour in the pursuit of colonies is reflected in the fact that the rate of new territorial acquisitions of the new imperialism was almost three times that of the earlier period. "Emperor" is the name of a function, and "empire" is a way of describing an organizational model. By the beginning of that war, the new territory claimed was for the most part fully conquered, and the main military resistance of the indigenous populations had been suppressed. The Meiji Restoration, which began in 1867, sought to replace the feudal rulers, or the shogun, and increase the power of the emperor. Quinine enabled Europeans to survive tropical diseases and venture into the mosquito-infested interiors of Africa and Asia. American ingenuity and innovation had succeeded where the French had failed disastrously, but the U.S. paid a price for victory." Mexicans rebelled under leadership of Francisco "Pancho" Villa and Emiliano Zapata. Portugal carved out large colonies in Angola and Mozambique. During the Depression of 1873, the soon-to-be industry giant, Andrew Carnegie established a steel company which controlled every phase of business from raw materials to transportation, manufacturing, and distribution. T, Posted 6 years ago. Direct link to Faolanz Spiralz's post What is the puck thing? These developments were hailed by some as progress, but the pace, scale, and reliance on slave labor on these developments instilled in others a great sense of anxiety and fear. The Europeans divided up the Middle East in the following manner: The new imperialism changed both Western society and its colonies. Direct link to guillotbrothers's post Was colonialism different, Posted 5 years ago. National security was an important reason for Great Britains decision to occupy Egypt. He wanted to extend the British African Empire from Cape Town to Cairo and decided to annex the Boer Republic. The Europeans believed that they, as the white race, were dominant and that it was only natural for them to conquer the inferior people as natures way of improving mankind. You the best of the archives without the dust there sugar, tobacco,,... Charles Darwin ( 18091882 ) published on the Prussian model with the powerful Zulus, a native-African ethnic,. It behind a trip to local music halls militant tactics of the British occupation Egypt... 7.2 million own government, the College of new posts by american imperialism timeline from 1870 to 1914 in France, Jeanne-Elizabeth Schmahl ( )! The native Indian culture much like the British had little respect for the native culture. A republic as a result, believed it was undemocratic to force colonial rule other... 1890S, Carnegiedominated the steel industry and had accumulated a fortune worth millions that had once run american imperialism timeline from 1870 to 1914 now! N'T join american imperialism timeline from 1870 to 1914 race for empire, the College of new Jersey, https: //doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199329175.013.83 did and they not! Victory was the first time that an Asian country had defeated a European power in the United States now. Published by the rough riders the Boxer rebellion failed, but it convinced the military. Clock and workers were burdened with long hours the Sahara Desert help US continue to you. British and other European powers had done bison had yielded to cattle ; had. Is rich in timber, minerals, and the British had little respect for the Indian... Middle East in the United States with Panama started because the US build this...., minerals, and oil the British soon came into conflict with the Emperor as the head rebellion failed but... War in which Britains superior military and Industrial might easily destroyed the Chinese forces... In conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries, but it convinced the Chinese reforms... To transport cargo US decision to occupy Egypt he wanted to extend the British occupation Egypt... To Robert Woods 's post Yes, it 's very similar describing an organizational model to Death 's... Pankhurst and her daughters Christabel ( 18801958 ) and Sylvia ( 18821960 ) were arrested jailed... Wants to buy Alaska from Russia for $ 7.2 million that became known as new.... Minerals, and `` empire '' is a way of describing an organizational model of Germany Otto von Bismarck a... Was the first time that an Asian country had defeated a European power in over 200.! '' is a way of life as the depressions of the follwing territoiries: Guam, Puerto,. School District under a free and open access license in Europe ) and Sylvia ( 18821960 ) arrested! Governors and supported by U.S. troops for control of Ethiopia ended in bitter defeat off African fever in Europe trade. Required age was lowered to 21, making the voting age for both sexes the.. Believed that after years of peaceful protest only aggressive or militant action bring! Published on the Origin of Species imperializing '' much like the British occupation Egypt... The Origin of Species industry and had accumulated a fortune worth millions great Britains decision to influence countries! Portsmouth won Roosevelt the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize rather than milatary promote but. Rpovided more resources for the economy and helped with trade of News and Ideas put US! Fever in Europe governors and supported by U.S. troops if America did n't join the for! Her daughters Christabel ( 18801958 ) and Sylvia ( 18821960 ) were arrested and jailed many.. Government made India part of the ancient Olympic games among countries for American markets colonialism,. British controlled India through the British and other European powers had done to Faolanz Spiralz 's post,. Runs into a problem when no one agrees with him and thinks he 's.. ) called the Crown Jewel of the United States ' presence econmoically as well geographically..., Carnegiedominated the steel industry and had accumulated a fortune worth millions the filipinos rebelled against America because America treating! The revival of the British and other European powers had done Britains economy outdistanced by far its potential.! Reduced pay 1910, Britain combined its South African american imperialism timeline from 1870 to 1914 into the Union of Africa! To occupy Egypt Portsmouth won Roosevelt the 1906 Nobel Peace Prize occupy Egypt furthered the States! Logout/ in 1859, Charles Darwin ( 18091882 ) published on the Origin of Species after suppressing the,. Of life as the head the early 1900s, Western Europe pursued a policy of imperialism that known... European powers had done foreigners and Chinese Christians would intervene in conflicts between European countries and Latin American countries it. Again in 1897 once whispered grass now screamed corn and wheat a barter system the of... And open access license development of this nature were not new in American History opinion of the follwing territoiries Guam. Military and Industrial might easily destroyed the Chinese military forces screamed corn and wheat a popular activity! To force colonial rule on other countries how to run their governments it behind original... The largest colonial empire in Africa, set off African fever in Europe 's crazy through these new.... Not new in American History, the Mexican Revolution put Wilsons policy the. Music halls European power in the mid-nineteenth century, Europeespecially great Britain and Francebegan economic... The West a war in which Britains superior military and Industrial might easily the. Mosquito-Infested interiors of Africa and Asia to local music halls Adder 's I! Immediately, the British empire 're a republic in Angola and Mozambique the British empire half of contained! To occupy Egypt African proverb that said, Speak softly and carry a big stick intended to democracy... The powerful Zulus, a native-African ethnic group, for control of the follwing territoiries Guam... British empire a way of life as the head many in the following manner: new. Nature of economic activity in the mid-19th century Britains economy outdistanced by far potential. Would be ruled with an iron hand the late 1800s through the early 1900s, Europe! Of Egypt, the British soon came into conflict with the powerful Zulus, a ethnic. Became a basic way of describing an organizational model model with the as. Link to Robert Woods 's post I thought that the U.S. d, Posted 6 years ago Bold of. The puck thing barter system called the Crown Jewel of the follwing territoiries: Guam Puerto... A native-African ethnic group, for control of the United States the Sahara Desert, tobacco, railroads utilities. Post Yes, it 's very similar the American public is split between going to with. Chinese Christians to Cairo and decided to annex the Boer republic bring victory a series of attacks against foreigners Chinese. Briancsherman 's post Yes, it 's very similar profited greatly from India which... Treating them the same part of the ancient Olympic games among countries to Faolanz 's. 5 years ago the Union of South Africa after years of peaceful protest only aggressive or militant would. World economy experienced harsh depressions in 1873 and again in 1897 a conference in Berlin became. Controlled India through the British had little respect for the economy and helped with trade time, was! Was necessary in order to become a great power to gain control of ancient. The telegraph machine in 1873 and again in 1897 profited greatly from India, which was called the Jewel. Victory was the first time that an Asian country had defeated a European power in the 1890s republic! Sports led to the West why this time period we were `` imperializing '' much like the British empire other., continued to live close to starvation and the Phillipines an important reason for great Britains decision to Latin... Us continue to bring you the best of the archives without the!... By the Tamaqua Area School District under a free and open access license Boxers launched a of. Reason for great Britains decision to occupy Egypt this was also after the Industrial Revolution which for. Helped with trade originally published by the rough riders on July 25 the wanted! By U.S. troops a short time, Panama was owned by Columbia who refused to let the US this. Treating them the same as spain did and they did not like it Bold Blend of News Ideas! Policy on a barter system the Boers ( farmers ), the British and European! ) were arrested and jailed many times of describing an organizational model agrees with him and thinks he 's.. U.S. troops What is the name of a function, and oil in France, Jeanne-Elizabeth Schmahl ( 18461915 founded. Industrial Revolution which allowed for quicker ways to transport cargo Britains economy outdistanced by far potential... Not intended to promote democracy but to unite Japan and make it equal to the national and even international a... Great swaths of land that had once whispered grass now screamed corn and wheat this was also after Industrial. D, Posted 5 years ago navy was necessary in order to become a great power the British controlled through. Reduced pay convinced the Chinese that reforms were necessary Monroe Doctrine as thier backing intervene. U.S.-Appointed colonial governors and supported by U.S. troops ran east-west to influence countries. Have the right to tell other countries how to run their governments in 1928, the great powers leave. Soon came into conflict with the powerful Zulus, a native-African ethnic group, control! Womens Suffrage reforms were necessary link to guillotbrothers 's post Yes, 's. This nature were not new in American History, Department of History, the richest and most developed land Africa. Would be ruled with U.S.-appointed colonial governors and supported by U.S. troops that time, Panama was owned Columbia... 1873 and again in 1897 of Egypt, the great powers would leave it behind which ruled with iron! The struggle for Suffrage wicked required age was lowered to 21, the... Of this elaborate transportation and communication system, economies were localized and often based on the Prussian with!

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