a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because

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For planks that are greater than 10 feet long, the maximum extension past the. Guardrails must be installed on scaffolding over 10'. Because the frames are stacked, the cross braces have to keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. The entire platform is attached to the fork. Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. When dismantling the scaffold, check to ensure that the scaffold has not been structurally altered in a way that would make it unsafe. decking, planks) must not be painted to hide defects. NOTE: Except where indicated, these requirements also apply to manually propelled, pump jack, ladder jack, tube and coupler, and pole scaffolds, as well as the specialty scaffolds described in the Supported Scaffolds module. and that cross braces are of such length as will automatically keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. He suffered multiple fractures to the head, left and right foot, and left wrist, and torn ligaments in the knees. (Figure 4) [, Scaffolds shall be altered only under the supervision and direction of a competent person. Changes at the worksite present a hazard for which an employee has not previously been trained. This unit specifies the outcomes required to safely erect, alter and dismantle scaffolding at the basic level. Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. [, Do not load the scaffold or any component parts beyond their maximum capacity (their own weight and 4:1 the maximum intended load). . If the base width is three feet or less, the first tie will be a vertical distance of four times the base width and every 20 feet vertical thereafter. We need to follow scaffolding safety procedures. Where a platform changes direction (ex. Install the diagonal brace to keep the scaffolding square. . [, Employees who are involved in activities such as erecting, dismantling, repairing, and inspecting scaffolds must be trained by a competent person to recognize any hazards associated with those activities. . The two measurements should be equal. [, Guardrails meeting OSHA requirements on the open sides and ends of each landing. Make sure that a competent person inspects the scaffold before each work shift. Use the scaffold, handle materials on the scaffold and determine the maximum load limits when handling materials, Recognize and avoid scaffolding hazards such as electric shock, falls from heights and being hit by falling objects, Erect, maintain and disassemble fall and falling object protection systems, Properly erect, move, operate, repair, inspect, maintain and disassemble the scaffold, Identify the maximum load-carrying capacity and intended use of the scaffold. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. Since it is an elevated platform, the stability decreases as the height increases. Because metal frame scaffolds are conductive, power tools, cords, etc., that suffer insulation failure can electrify the entire scaffold. Or wind screens (when wind screens are used the scaffold must be secured against the anticipated wind forces). Such retraining is required in at least the following situations [. To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic If using wooden planks, they must extend beyond the supporting To prevent movement, the scaffold must be secured to the building or structure at intervals not to exceed 30 feet horizontally and 26 feet vertically. Contact us today 1-209-634-2929 for your comprehensive California contractor insurance quote! We are headquartered in Turlock, CA, with locations across the heart of Californias Central Valley and beyond to provide a local feel to the solutions and services we provide our clients. (True or False) _____ 3. e. Learn how your comment data is processed. Mobile scaffolding towers are also known as rolling scaffolding, portable scaffold, scaffolding on wheels, and multipurpose scaffolding. goes around the corner of a building), any platform that rests on a support (i.e. Uplift is the separation of a frame from the frame below it. Scaffolds with height to base ratio greater than 4:1 must be restrained from tipping by guying, tying, bracing or equivalent means. Once a scaffold is built, even if it is compliant with every other standard relating to footings, structure, capacity, etc., it still will not provide a safe work platform if it does not remain upright. [, Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers must not be intermixed, unless they fit together without being forced and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained. Workers building scaffolds risk serious injury from falls and tip-overs, being struck by falling tools and other hazards and electrocution from energized power lines. The momentum of the frame thrust the employee backward off the second level. Do not force frames or braces to fitlevel the scaffold until proper fit can easily be made. 1926.451(a)(1) and (3) TrainingEmployers must train each employee who works on a scaffold on the hazards and the procedures to control the hazards. Canopy structures made of solid materials. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452. A 28-year old carpenter and a 31-year old laborer were electrocuted. Safe points of anchorage include structural members of buildings, but not standpipes, vents, electrical conduit, etc., which may give way under the force of a fall. In such cases, the gap will be as small as possible and not exceed 9 inches. Fabricated frame scaffolds are the most common type of scaffold because they are versatile, economical, and easy to use. As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. Everyone loves supplies that are low in price and goes on sale periodically. We will deliver to you the highest quality property and casualty insurance programs and strategic planning consultation services in a manner that is most suitable to achieving your business goals. [, Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders must be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold. Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet in height must be designed by a registered professional engineer. Prepares layout, using rule, framing square, and calipers. They may be made of solid material or mesh with openings no greater than 1 inch. A worker was standing on a scaffold 6' high, measuring windows for covers to be installed later. Connect the first cross- brace to the frame. All scaffolding products available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and ANSI standards, and have a 5 year warranty*. Fall protection requirements for workers using scaffolds, such as guardrail systems or personal fall arrest systems, The type and amount of scaffold equipment needed to access all areas to be worked on, Proper storage and transporting of scaffolding components, materials and equipment, The manner in which workers will access the scaffold (e.g., via ladders, stair rail systems), Proper materials to construct the scaffold. In addition, the scaffold and its components must support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times its maximum intended load. The height of the scaffold in relation to the minimum base width, wind loads, the use of brackets or cantilevered platforms, and Personnel working on or from a scaffold, or in the vicinity of overhead work, such as that performed from a scaffold, aerial lift, roof, or crane must wear hard hats in accordance with Virginia Tech's Personal Protective Equipment Program. Point loading, or concentrating too much of the load in one area. Be sure scaffold stays plumb and level as . In addition, there is a lot of information regarding building your own scaffold towers on the Internet. OSHA 1926.454 (c) states: When an employer has reason to believe . One must also consider all the necessary components and hardware needed in order to have the safest most accessible construction work platform. Scaffolding means a convenient platform for persons to work at height. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. There are many important safety considerations in working with scaffolds including the selection of the appropriate scaffold, proper assembly, training, inspections, and use . When a supported scaffold reaches a height that is more than four times its minimum base dimension (4:1), it must be restrained by guys, ties, or braces to prevent it from tipping. [, Sufficient handhold on handrails, and toprails serving as handrails, for employees grasping them to avoid falling. All joints must be [, Wooden planking must not be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be marked for identification. Scaffold Guardrail Systems - Standard rails are required on all scaffold towers. Guardrails May Have Saved Him, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Electrical Incidents: Lack of Ground-Fault Protection, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, Scaffolding : Supported Scaffolds - Frame or Fabricated, In order to assure stability, supported scaffolds must be set on [, Footings must be capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement. CapacityScaffolds and scaffold components must support at least 4 times the maximum intended load. Because the frames are stacked, the cross braces have to keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. The checks above are common scaffolding faults to look out for that show you the scaffold structure is unsafe. And also, there are lots of sites that sell scaffolding spare parts. Most screw jacks will have a built-in stop so that the maximum height cannot be exceeded. Exception: Insulated power lines of less than 300 volts have a safe distance of only 3 feet. (, Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, etc., must be able to withstand a force of at least 150 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along the midrail or other member. Chicken Ladder. Tip: A scaffold can be overloaded by removing the braces, which causes the weight on the scaffold to be distributed to fewer structural members. A specific access, such as a mounted ladder, must be used. The safe use of a scaffold is the responsibility of all people involved with the scaffold. Employees must not work on platforms covered with snow, ice or other slippery material. The scaffold and its components must be capable of supporting four times the rated load. B. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451.452. All brace connections shall be . To control the risk of a scaffold falling or collapsing, employers must assure that scaffolds are built within OSHA standards relating to strength and structural integrity. Plumb and level scaffold. Metal pumpjack scaffolds cannot be more than 13.7 m in height; and must be braced every 4.6 m. Pumpjack scaffolds with supports made of wood must not be more than 7.3 m in height and must be braced every 3 m. (Figures 14 & 15), Each employee on a scaffold must be protected from falling hand tools, debris, and other small objects, by [. Potential accessories include ladders, stairways, platforms, tool bins, and hoists. And they can also order parts with their preferred material and size of the parts. In general, a level is the easiest way to achieve the desired right angles. Make sure the scaffold is stable. Authorized Person He fell to the ground, sustaining a fatal blow to his head. [, Unstable objects may not be used to support scaffolds or platform units (, Front-end loaders and similar pieces of equipment shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless they have been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. Barricades to keep personnel out of a hazardous area. Additional protection from falling debris and other small objects must be provided in areas where personnel will be in the vicinity of scaffolds. Cross-braces of the proper length must be used to ensure that the scaffold will remain plumb and rigid. This will have an impact on what components you will need as well as how many of each component will be necessary to complete your tasks. [, Each toprail or equivalent member of a guardrail system must be able to withstand a force of at least 200 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along its top edge. [3] Lift the planks through the scaffold bars and into place. Clamps are joints that connect tubular pipes together; some couplers are designed for specific purposes, such as connecting standards and ledgers. Position the first level of bracing as close to the base as possible. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Light-duty scaffolds can support 25 pounds per square foot. Frames and panels should also be locked together to prevent uplift. or more per square foot. This will determine how many of each component you will need. Stability and durability are the key components for the scaffold towers to be safe. To ensure the scaffold is "square", use a tape measure and measure the distance between opposite corners. Installed protective coverings to prevent accidental contact with the lines. a) square b) straight c) without braces d) vibration free e) level B Prior to hoisting an object it is best to a) know the route required b) know or calculate the mass c) measure its length d) attach at least two . tools, scrap material, chemicals, snow, ice, etc.) Call us today 1-888-991-2929! (Figure 9) [, When erecting and dismantling tubular, welded-frame scaffolds, end frames may be used as climbing devices for access, provided that [. Medium-duty scaffolds can support 50 pounds per square foot. Use this training tool to review the safety requirements for a frame scaffold, in the following phases: It is impossible for a stable structure to be built upon a foundation that does not start out square and level. [, Be positioned so that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level, [, Have rest platforms at maximum vertical intervals of 12 feet, [, Have a minimum step width of 16 inches, except for mobile scaffold stairway-type ladders, which shall have a minimum step width of 11 inches [, Have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings. Is erected plumb and level. Install the deck, which may be an all aluminium platform or with wood deck or scaffold planks. is allowed to accumulate on the platform. Design features include a rest platform every 35 feet, rungs at least 11 1/2 inches wide (8 inches for ladders built into the frame), and uniform rung spacing not exceeding 16 3/4 inches. Check out our special shipping rates! Scaffolds are commonly used in the construction industry because they are a flexible and cost effective way for workers, tools and equipment to access heights. The objective is to reduce the tripping hazard by having the ends of the top layer of planks form a straight line, rather than a saw-toothed edge, which increases tripping hazards. When the employee tried to set the third level frame into the pins of the second level, the frame he was trying to position flipped to one side. Personal Fall Arrest System. According to the US Department of Labor, system scaffold means a scaffold consisting of posts with fixed connection points that accept runners, bearers, and diagonals that can be interconnected at predetermined levels. All erection of scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet shall be conducted by a licensed contractor. Several days later, a crew of seven workers was instructed to replace the scaffold and finish painting the sign. [, Forklifts shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless [. Employers shall retrain each employee when they have reason to believe that the employee lacks the skill or understanding to safely erect, use, or dismantle a scaffold. | QUESTIONS? The nature of any electrical hazards, fall hazards, and falling object hazards in the work area. Scaffolding must be erected on stable foundation. Scaffolds may only be erected, altered, or dismantled under the supervision of a/an A. For example, a . 3. Warped. Cross-braces on tubular welded frame scaffolds are not allowed to be climbed. The Scaffold cross braces should never be used as a means of access. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(5)]. Or a canopy structure, debris net, or catch platform strong enough to withstand the impact of the potential falling objects shall be erected over the employees. Scaffolding towers (also known as scaffold towers, tower scaffolding, rolling scaffold and sometimes rolling towers. Therefore, an inspection of a scaffold platform requires safety checks of both the platform structure and how the platform is used by the workers. [, Be seated with side-brackets parallel to the frames, and end-brackets at 90 degrees to the frames. Ladders tend to be quite dangerous on work sites, so many construction companies prefer the use of stairways. For example, if the base width is 5 feet, the first vertical tie will be (5 feet x 4) 20 feet from the ground. [, When moving platforms to the next level, the existing platform must be left undisturbed until the new end frames have been set in place and braced. Scaffolds must be fully planked or decked whenever possible. [, When midrails are used, they must be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. Scaffolds may be closer to overhead power lines than specified below if such proximity is necessary for the type of work being done, and if the power company or electrical system operator has been notified and has either [. length as will automatically square and aline vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. Tip: A level may be used frequently during assembly to guarantee that new structural components remain in line. [, When intermediate members (such as balusters or additional rails) are used, they must be no more than 19 inches apart. j) An access scaffold or equivalent safe access will be provided k) Scaffold planks will extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. (Figure 13) [29 CFR 1926.451(b)(3) and 29 CFR 1926.451(b)(3)(ii)]. At least 3 inches high from the top edge to the level of the walking/working surface. They positioned themselves around the scaffold and attempted to lift it approximately 5 inches onto the newly built concrete pad. The victim was climbing the end-frame of a three-tiered metal scaffold when a midrail pulled loose. The employer must provide suitable access to and between scaffolds, such as portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders and stairway-type ladders. must be plumb and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. In such cases, the platforms must be as wide as feasible, and fall protection must be provided. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. Install a suitable means of access, such as a sloping or vertical ladder secured to the scaffold at the landing point. If you need new scaffolding for larger jobs, you will need to determine how high and wide you are likely to build the scaffolding. The work deck must be fully planked. The top edge height of toprails on supported scaffolds must be between 36 inches and 45 inches. Personal fall arrest systems used on scaffolds are required when the guardrail system is incomplete or does not provide adequate protection. Do not force frames or braces to fit - level the scaffold until proper fit can easily be made. Because the number of injuries from . All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. Employers must provide fall protection for each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 meters) above a lower level.

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